论道德视角下的战争

本文考察了历史上战争与道德的四种立场:现实主义、军国主义、和平主义、正义战争,阐述了制约现代战争的基本道德原则,并对当代战争道德的发展前景作了展望。     

Al2O3催化氧化脱除GB染毒空气的研究

以浸渍法制备的10%V／Al2O3为催化剂,研究对GB染毒空气的脱除效果,考察接触时间、温度、温度和浓度等因素对GB染毒空气脱除效果的影响,用GC-MS和LC-MS对尾气组分进行了检测分析．     

荷据台湾时期的台江湾军事防御体系

荷属东印度公司弃澎湖占台湾后,为掌握对中国海上贸易的主动权、统治当地居民、抵御军事攻击,于台湾南部的台江湾内海沿岸地区构建了一套军事防御体系。这套军事防御体系主要由三部分组成:一是热兰遮城与普罗文蒂亚城两个主城堡,它们分别是荷兰殖民者在台湾的政治与商业据点,具有欧洲传统城防工事的功能与特征;二是围绕以上两个城堡构建的军事协防体系;三是整个台江湾海域的城海一体防御系统。台江湾军事防御体系是荷兰人占领台湾后构建的军事防御体系的核心,这一防御体系以城堡为核心,由城堡——协防工事——碉堡、炮台为层级关系的防御工事组成,形成城港一体、陆海防一体的军事化城堡建筑群。     

利用字节模式二维特征的ROP链智能检测方法

面向返回编程(return oriented programming, ROP)攻击是网络攻击者突破操作系统安全防护、实现漏洞攻击的一种主要手段,ROP链是ROP攻击的重要组成部分。为检测网络流量中的ROP链,提出了一种能自动提取ROP链特征、具有良好泛化性能的智能检测方法。该方法采用顺序抽取的方式将被测流量分成多个序列,利用滑动窗口和数值量化将输入的一维流量数据转换为二维特征向量,基于卷积神经网络模型实现对ROP链的检测。不同于已有的静态检测方法,该方法不依赖程序内存地址的上下文信息,实现简单、部署方便,且具有优异的检测性能。实验结果表明,模型最高准确率为99.4%,漏报率为0.6%,误报率为0.4%,时间开销在0.1 s以内,对真实ROP攻击流量的漏报率为0.2%。     

评估C4ISR系统的目标分配质量

分析了影响防空C4ISR系统目标分配质量的主要因素,并以此定义了5个基本指标.利用线性加权法给出了一架歼击机对一架目标机的分配能力的计算方法,以此为基础提出了不同机场的多类歼击机对多批目标的分配能力的算法.最后通过实例计算验证了模型的正确性和实用性.     

Optimization of buckling load for laminated composite plates using adaptive Kriging-improved PSO: A novel hybrid intelligent method

An effective hybrid optimization method is proposed by integrating an adaptive Kriging (A-Kriging) into an improved partial swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) to give a so-called A-Kriging-IPSO for maxi-mizing the buckling load of laminated composite plates (LCPs) under uniaxial and biaxial compressions. In this method, a novel iterative adaptive Kriging model, which is structured using two training sample sets as active and adaptive points, is utilized to directly predict the buckling load of the LCPs and to improve the efficiency of the optimization process. The active points are selected from the initial data set while the adaptive points are generated using the radial random-based convex samples. The cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method (CS-DSG3) is employed to analyze the buckling behavior of the LCPs to provide the response of adaptive and input data sets. The buckling load of the LCPs is maximized by utilizing the IPSO algorithm. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methodology, the LCPs with different layers (2, 3, 4, and 10 layers), boundary conditions, aspect ratios and load patterns (biaxial and uniaxial loads) are investigated. The results obtained by proposed method are in good agreement with the literature results, but with less computational burden. By applying adaptive radial Kriging model, the accurate optimal results-based predictions of the buckling load are obtained for the studied LCPs.     

Combustion of B4C/KNO3 binary pyrotechnic system

Presented herein is an experimental study on the combustion of B4C/KNO3 binary pyrotechnic system.Combustion products were tested using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS).According to the results of tests and CEA calculation,the combustion reaction equation was established.The flames and burning rates were recorded by a high speed camera and a spectrophotometer.The effect of B4C particle size on the thermal sensitivity of B4C/KNO3 was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)techniques.In addition,a reliable method for calculating the flame temperature was proposed.Based on the results of experiments,the combustion reaction mechanism was briefly analyzed.The burning rate,flame temperature and thermal sensitivity of B4C/KNC3 increase with the decrease of B4C particle size.The mass ratio of B4C/KNO3 has a great effect on combustion properties.Oxidizer-rich compositions have low flame temperatures,low burning rates,and provide green light emission.The combustion reactions of fuel-rich compositions are vigorous,and the B4C/KNO3 with mass ratio of 25:75 has the highest burning rate and the highest flame temperature.     

Theoretical design of new bridge-ring insensitive high energy compounds by selected normal Diels-Alder reactions between NH2-substituted oxazoles and NO2/NF2/NHNO2-substituted ethylenes/acetylenes

In this work, NH₂-substituted oxazoles and NO₂/NF₂/NHNO₂-substituted ethylenes/acetylenes were designed and used as dienes and dienophiles, respectively, in order to develop new bridge-ring insensitive high energy compounds through the Diels-Alder reaction between them. The reaction type, reaction feasibility and performance of reaction products were investigated in detail theoretically. The results showed that dienes most possibly react with dienophiles through the HOMO-diene controlled normal Diels-Alder reaction at relatively low energy barrier. Tetranitroethylene could react with the designed dienes much more easily than other dienophiles, and was employed to further design 29 new bridge-ring energetic compounds. Due to high heat of formation, density and oxygen balance, all designed bridge-ring energetic compounds have outstanding detonation performance, 16 of them have higher energy than HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) and 2 others even possess comparative energy with the representative of high energy compounds CL-20 (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane). The predicted average h₅₀ value of these bridge-ring energetic compounds is 83 cm, showing their low impact sensitivity. The NH₂ groups could obviously impel the proceeding of Diels-Alder reactions, but would slightly decrease the energy and sensitivity performance. In all, the new designed bridge-ring compounds have both high energy and low sensitivity, and may be produced through Diels-Alder reactions at relatively low energy barrier. This paper may be helpful for the theoretical design and experiment synthesis of new advanced insensitive high energy compounds.     

Damage to aircraft composite structures caused by directed energy system: A literature review

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research studies on direct energy system effect on aircraft composite structures to develop a good understanding of state-of-the-art research and devel-opment in this area. The review begins with the application of composite materials in the aircraft structures and highlights their particular areas of application and limitations. An overview of directed energy system is given. Some of the commonly used systems in this category are discussed and the working principles of laser energy systems are described. The experimental and numerical studies re-ported regarding the aircraft composite structures subject to the effect of directed energy systems, especially the laser systems are reviewed in detail. In particularly, the general effects of laser systems and the relevant damage mechanisms against the composite structures are reported. The review draws attention to the recent research and findings in this field and is expected to guide engineers/researchers in future theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies.     

新时期军队政治工作要为科技强军提供强大精神动力

新时期军队政治工作 ,必须突出科技强军这一时代要求 ,为科技强军提供强大的精神动力 ,既要为科技强军提供有力的思想舆论支持 ,又要为科技强军培养高素质的科技人才队伍 ,同时要实现政治工作自身的从思想观念到手段方法的超越和发展。